Tie.



K. N. CATHER.

TIE.

APPLICATION FlLED DEC. 1| 1913.

Patented Aug. l0, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET i.

.Cah'er COLUMBIA PMNOGRAPH co.. wASHxNGTON, D. C.

K. N. CATHER.

. TIE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. I, 1913. 1,149,247. Patented Aug. 10,1915.

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

:73 3:7 35 I9 595/0 F96 32 I 0 /MZNQSSZ L36 K lzzfenigr A Wyman .Ca er M by@ im COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH CO..WASHINCITON. D. c.

Kinsman N. carena, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

f TIE."

i specification 0f Letters Patent. Patented Aug; 10, i915.

reputation flied December 1,1913. serial meteoro.

ToAaZZ whom tjmag/ concern: y Be it4 known that I, KINGMAN` N.` Carr-IER, a citizen of the United, States,res1ding at Chicago, `in the county lof Coolrand State of Illinois, have invented certainnevv and useful Improvementsk inTies, of which the following is a specication.

The present invention relates to a tie utilized in railroads to underlie and form a support for the rail sections, andfto provide a means for receiving the railanchoring vdevices, etc.k f

One of` the objects ofl the present invention is to construct the tie with a body of a composition nature and to provide metal reinforcements for said body.

A further object is to provide an y.open work frame construction which will be placed 0n the body to give the tie strength and' to prevent any danger 0f splitting or crumbling of the. material of which the body of thel tie is composed. e e y f n A further object is to form said rframe of a single piece of metal and Of'open work construction .and to provide in said frame a'web on the upper face thereof whichwill extend beneath the rail sections when the tie is positioned. f

Ano-ther object of the invention is to provide upwardly extending overhanging flangesfrom said web portion which will receive the railfanchoring means in certain forms of construction, and in other forms will receive the rail anchor means and a block of cushioning material.

Another object of 'the invention is to provide metal ends for the ytie with an overhanging flange from each end to permity of the use of crow bars or analogous tools vfor handling the ties or moving the same from` position. A Y

Another object of the invention is to so configure the tie as to give it the necessary property of resiliency. p

A further object of the invention is to provide means for preventing slridding of the tie during use. y Y

The invention further consists yin the features of constructionand combinations of parts hereinafter described and claimed.'

In the art to which thepresent invention relates practically all ties now used vvin railroad construction are formedy of wood, the kpreferred tie being made of white oak, since this wood possesses the elasticity, toughness,

`e tc.1,.vvhich are requisite 'to a practical tie for railroad construction, but the life ofthe tie relatively short and because of the ever increasing demand Vfor lumber, wood ties of this nature have increased ink price and harvebecome difficult to obtainin the KAquantity necessary for railroad use. The tie of the present invention is constructed along certain mechanical lines whereby it possesses the necessary vibratory property which is present in a Wood tie, it is formed of a composition so that the tie is of long life,and thetie when positioned will be held byrv reason of its configura/tion against any ktendency toslid under the pressure of the trains so thatany danger ofthe tie being thrust out of position and distorting the track is eliminated.

Iny the drawings: Figure 1 is a section of track in which theV tie of thepresent invention is. embodied; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through one ofV the ties shown in Fig. l; Fig. 3 is a cross section through one of the ties shown in Fig. 11; Fig. t is ay plan view of4 the metal frame employed in the construction of tie shown k in Figs. 1, 2, and 3; Fig. 5is a longitudinal section of a modified form of construction; Fig. is a plan view of another modified form of construction; Fig. is a cross section through the form of tie shown in Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is a plan view of a third modified form of tie; and Fig. 9 is a longitudinal ysection through the form of tie shown in F ig. 8.

Referring now to the drawings, and particularly to Figs. 1, 2, 3, and et, the tie 10 there illustrated consists of a metal frame 11, which frame is composed of side pieces 12, end pieces 13, and top web portions 14 extending betweenl the side pieces 12. The bottom `of the frame is open, and the frame 1s also open at the top, as will be seen by referring to Fig. 4 for the major portion thereof and therefore the frame may be designed as a metal frame of open Work construction. y This frame is so designed as to enable it to be stamped from a single piece of metal and will be simple and cheap of construction and will possess strength and at the same time not add materially to the weight of the tie, its main function being a binder or reinforcement for the body of the tie preventing the cracking or splitting lof the tie by climatic actions or otherwise. e

The frameat each of its ends is formed of ay solid, unbroken, metallic face 1,5, from handling Vthe tie 30 character to ywithstand which extends an overhanging' that the frame is provided lat its ends with a; .Y solid unbroken metal face and an overhanging Hange which forms in effect a pocket of 5 metal. rlhis is an important feature of the i present-invention since when the tie is' completed this metal pocket constitutes a means for permitting the insertion of a crow V'bar or similar' instrumentv for the purpose of withoutV cracking, splitting, orv mutilation of the body of theV tie vby reason of the application of the crow bar or similar instrument.v By Vthis means, there- Y fore, provision'V is made to allow of application of pressure to the ends of the tie withoutany danger of a mutilation ofthe body of the tie, and the ability to apply pressure to the endy `of the tie renders its handling a much simpler operation than would be true otherwise. 1

Secured in the ends 15 of the frame are a plurality of longitudinally extending rods V17, which in the construction shown are of a slightly curvilinear nature forgiving them additional strength, and the frame is also formed with a series of depending anged fingers 18.V yThe body 19 of rthe'tie, in the constructionshown, is composed of cement Y or other suitable composition, which is of a the actions of weather` and to render the tie one of long life. This composition body is applied by a suitable molding operation to the metal frame previously described, and this frame, las will be seen from the drawings, is positioned about the upper end of the body when the' tie is completed, and the rods 17 and fingers 1S are embedded in the composition ybody .and serve to reinforce and 40 strengthen the same, and hold it together.

The web portions 14; each have extending 'therefrom' oppositely disposed overhanging flanges 20 which serve to receiveplates 21 4which are constructed with rail gripping members`22 and these plates, when positioned, act as yrailanchors to hold the rail in place. The plates 21 are held in position by means of a key 23, which in the construction shown enters into a notch 24 in the edge of the plate 20, and the key is of right angle i formationwith one end entering the notch audits other end entering into a hole or recess 25 in the bodyrof the tie. When the rail clamp 21 is 'in position and the key 23 is` forced into place, then the rail clamp becomes locked to the rail tie and becomes in vfact a part and parcel of the tie structure. lf desired, va cushioning block 26 of wood or otherrresilient material may be interposed so between the plate 21 andthe web 111, as shown in Fig. 2, or if desired, the plate may be placed directly upon the web as shown fin Fig-5.

The body 'trally disposed depending portion 27 renderf site,

*practice to loosen-the tie from of the tie is formed-witha cenu flange 16, soy'ing the tie of increased transverse thickness at its center and thisdepending portion in 1the'construction shown in Figs. 1 to 7 inclutapers or decreases in transverse thickfrom its center to the edges 28 of such At the point of merg- .nessV depending portion. ence of the depending portion with the body 1 of the tie shoulders`29 are produced, and in the construction shown the body4 of the tie decreases in transverse thickness from these shoulders to the ends thereof. This depend- Y ing portion performs an important 'office in the present invention. It lends to the tie the characteristic of vibration. The depending portion serving as a rocker .about which the tie can move during the passing Vof rolling stock over the same. It is a well known fact thatrlocomotivesand railroad cars are subjected to ya swaying action "during the traveling of the same over the road bed, and one of the main advantages in the wood tie is the ability ofthis tie'tofgive or vibrate in conformity'withthis swaying. If the tie were of rigidunyielding nature the swaying'of kthe locomotive or other rolling stock would produce upon thersame a distinct arring action which would be detrimental to the mechanism and the life thereof. lf the locomotive should during such Y swaying action encounter a hard unyielding surface the'sudden jolting or jarring produced by such contact would soon have a tendency to disorganize the mechanism of the same. Now by the provision of this depending portion I provide a rocker for the tie whereby when the ties are subjected to the shocks incident to the Vswaying of the rolling stock passing over the track the ties y will move in conformity with the sway, so that the rolling stock will not meet hard Yunyielding surface, but will meet a surface which will yield to the extent necessary Vto Vrelieve the locomotive or other rolling stock of the jolt or jar to 'which it would other?l wise b e subjected. rllhe amount of vibration "which is necessary to relieve the rolling stock of undue jolting is, of course, relatively slight and would not be suflicient in tion and shake it out of place. YIt is contemplated to place a foundation 30 underneath this depending portion which will be of ,relatively n fine material 'and solidly its foundaizo vibratory action heretofore described, al- A though what may' be termed the seat ofthe Vtie which is in reality the foundation portion 30 is suiliciently hard and unyielding to prevent displacement of the tie during se. y z *.The shoulder-29 heretofore referred to ward the outer side of the curve.

also forms anfimpo'rtant'part ofthe present invention. kThese vshoulders provide abutments which engage with the foundation beneath the tie and serves to prevent the tie from skiddingunder the iniuence of the strain imparted to the tie by the passing*y of rolling stock over the same. This is a material feature, since with thesuse of ties ofthe presentfconstruction unless some suchr means wereused forholdiiig the tie againstthis skiddiug action, the tie, owing to its nature would be forced from the position in which itiwas originally laid,-and would distortthe rails in a manner which might'cause serious accidents. It will be seen lthat the construction is one which f gives to the tie the characteristic of maintaining its position without skidding and at the same time allows of the necessary'tipping "or vibration ofthe tie, to relievethe rolling stock `from unduer jarring and jolting when passing kover the same;

The form of tieshownin Figs. 6 and differs from the form shown in Figs.y l to 5 1 inclusive in that an overhanging ange 32 is provided on the top surface of vthe framell, and in that the centerportion of the ,webr 14 is eliminated whereby narrower web portions 33 are produced. kIn other respects, however, this form is ysimilar to the ones heretofore described and contain the same general Characteristics. f The form of tie shown in Figs. 8 and 9 while possessing the same general characteristics as the forms heretoforey described differs in its shape, being of greater breadth at its end 34 than at its end 35. This form of tie is contemplated to be employed on curves. The formshownin Figs. 8 and 9 differs also in the following particular: The bottom of the tie is formed with a depending section 36 making the tie of greater transverse thickness at the center thereof. 'Ihe under face of the tie extends in one direction from this greater point of thickness in a manner to provide a continuous uninterrupted surface 37 which ,is of curved formation, and thus upon this side of the tie, the tie increases regularly in transverse thickness "from its center to its end. lThe other side of the tie, however, first decreases in thickness from the center to the point 38 and at that point is formed a shouldery 39 and the body of the tie continues from the upper edge of this shoulder to its end in a manner to gradually reduce its thickness from the shoulder to the end of the tie.Y Thus only one shoulder is employed in this construction. It will be remembered that this construction is to be used on curves or alternated on straight tracks and this shoulder is formed to lie toward the outer edge of the curve and will serve to resist the thrust and weight of momentum exerted upon the rails at curves which is always to Practicallyno strain kis exerted tendingto force y the tie toward lthe inner side of the curve, and hence the necessity for preventing skidding in this direction is not necessary.

It is to` be understood that' I do not desire to 'limit myself to any particular form a composition body, said frame being formed of metal side and end pieces and webs between the side pieces and arranged to underlie the rails and lieV on theftop of the body, substantially as described.

2. A rail tie formed of a metal frame and a composition body, said frame comprising metal side and end pieces, webs between the side pieces arranged to underlie the rails and lie on the top of the body overlianging flanges extending from said webs and `positioned to lie on either side ofthe rail sections, said Iianges constituting a frame to receive a rail anchoring device, substantially as described.

3. A rail tie formed of a composition body,-said body Vbeing' constructed with a central depending portion, shoulders formed at the point of juncture of the depending portion with the body of the tie, said depending portion decreasing in a transverse thickness from the center to the ends thereof, substantially kas described.

et. A rail tie formed of a composition body, said body being constructed with a central depending portion, shoulders formed at the point of juncture of the depending portion with the body of the tie, Vsaid depending portion decreasing in transverse thickness from' its center to said shoulders and said body decreasing in transverse thickness from said shoulders to the ends of the tie, substantially as described.

5. A rail tie formed of an open-work metallic frame and a composition body, said body being constructed with a central depending portion and shoulders formed at the point of mergence of the depending portion with the body of the tie, substantially as described.

6. A rail tie formed of an open-work metal frame and a composition body, said body being constructed with a central depending portion, shoulders formed at the point of juncture of the depending portion with the body of the tie, said depending portion decreasing in transverse thickness from its center to said shoulder, substantially as described.

n y Y l. A rail'tie formed of a metal frame and o y. metal frame and V`body being constructed Witha central depoint of juncture of y7. rail tied formed of anjopen-Worl a composition body, `said shoulders.V formed at vthe pending portion, Y

the` depending portion L vvith the body'Y of theA` tie, said'depending portion decreasing in transverse thickness from its center to saidv shouldersjand said body decreasingir-in transverse'thickness from said shoulders to the ends thereof, vsubstantially as described.V j v 1 v 1 Y' 8. yAra'il tiefcomprising a'body', an openvvork metal frameon said body comprising sides and end pieces and Webs between the` sidepieces arranged to lie on the top of the body and beneath the railseetions, substantlll-y as described. A, Y y9 A-.rail tie formed Vof an` open Work metal frame, a kcomposition body and said frame having the entire outer surface thereof exposed and said frame extending about kthe top, ends and upper side portions of the body, substantially 'as described. Y

10. A rail tie comprising a body, a onepiece metalV frame4 arranged to form a cap for said body, members on said frame and integral therewith and adapted for the reception of a rail anchoring device, said tie body being formed With a hole adjacent each of said members, and said members each being formed With a hole coperating' With one'of said tie holes to receive lockingy means for said rail anchoring devices, sub-v stantially as described.

V11. A railA tie formed of a'single-piece,

stamped-metal frame, a composition body Y for the tie, the sides and top of the frame being extended to provide a metal pocket f at the ends of the tie having top, side and back Walls, substantially as described.

13. A rail tie formed of a single-piece Gopies of this patent may be obtained for andtop pieces, acompo'sition body-and said framebeing `configured. to provide metal Vends for the tie, vthe-sides and top-ofthe frame being extended to provide a metal pocket 4,at the ends vof the tie havingptop, side Vand baci; Walls, .substantially asi described..."VA Yjvr Y Y 14.11%VV rail tie formed of a Vsingle piece, stamped-metal frame, ya composition body, said frame lextending); VUaboutV the top, ends stamped-metal Yframe comprisingV side, end Y and upper. side portionsvof the body and havingV the entire outer surface thereof ex-V V4posed when positioned `upon the-body and said body posed depending Y rockerfor the tie, substantially as described.

A15, vA rail .tie kformed ofl an open-Work metal frame, ya composition body,` said frame extending about the top, ends 'and upper side portions of the body andy having the entire outer surface thereof exposed when positionedV on ing `formed With a centrally disposed depending portion constituting a rockerV for the tie, substantially as described.

16. lAk rail tie comprisinga bodyand a metal vopen "Work frame extending about thegtop, ends yand upper side portions of the body and having the entire outer surface thereof exposed when positioned upon the body, substantially as described.

17. A rail tie comprising an open Work metal frame, formed of top, side and end pieces, a body, said frame being configured to provide metal ends for the tie, the top and sides of said frame being extended to formy a metal pocket at each end of the tie having top, side and rear Walls, substan tially as described. v i f Y 18. A. rail tie comprising a body, and a pressed metal, single piece open Work frame on said body, said frame having its entireouter surface exposed and extending around the top, end and upper portions of the body, substantially as described.

KlNGMAN N. GATHER. l/Vitnesses: i j jv WM. P. BOND,

THoMAs A. BANNING, Jr.

being formed With a centrally disiive cents eachr,rby addressing the Commissioner of Patents.l

- Washington, ID. l'.l

:portionVv constituting a the body, said body bei 

